... Catherine … His father pardoned Frederick, but placed him as a junior official in local administration to learn the ways of government. He supported Rupert III, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, in his struggle with King Wenceslaus for the German throne, probably because Wenceslaus refused to fulfill a promise to give him his sister Anna in marriage. Kaiser Wilhelm served as emperor of Germany from 1888 until the end of World War I. Nicholas II was the last tsar of Russia under Romanov rule. Frederick died in 1428 at Altenburg. Prussia became one of the preeminent powers in Europe. Frederick I, the Belligerent or the Warlike (German: Friedrich der Streitbare; 11 April 1370 – 4 January 1428), a member of the House of Wettin, ruled as Margrave of Meissen from 1407 and Elector of Saxony (as Frederick I) from 1423 until his death. In 1815, Catherine's mother passed away, leaving her 9-year-old daughter with the responsibility of caring for the household. © 2021 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. By winning wars and expanding territories, he established Prussia as a strong military power. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Frederick ascended the throne upon the death of his father in 1740, and abandoned peaceful pursuits to make his place in the geopolitical intrigue of 18th-century Europe. Venez vite connaitre l'extraordinaire bibliothèque de films sur Ditroz.com. Il ne faut pas beaucoup de science pour comprendre comment ce site Web fonctionne! (WJZ) — The Frederick County Sheriff’s Office said Tuesday afternoon officials located safely two abducted sisters from Brunswick. He ruled as an enlightened despot and instituted numerous economic, civil, and social reforms. He reformed the military and government, established religious tolerance and granted a basic form of freedom of the press. Frederick II, known as Frederick the Great, was Prussia's king from 1740 to 1786. Unlike in every way, Frederick's parents sought to raise him in their own, if totally different, images. Oscar Hammerstein II collaborated with Richard Rodgers on popular musicals such as ‘Oklahoma!,’ ‘South Pacific,’ ‘Carousel,’ ‘The King and I’ and ‘The Sound of Music.’. Her patronage includes students, unmarried girls, apologists and many more as well as many places around the world. Frederick struck preemptively, invading Saxony, and with his ally Great Britain started the Seven Years War. BRUNSWICK, Md. In the prosecution of this enterprise Frederick spent large sums of money, for which he received various places in Bohemia and elsewhere in pledge from Sigismund, who further rewarded him on 6 January 1423 with the vacant electoral Duchy of Saxony-Wittenberg; and Fredericks formal investiture followed at Ofen on the 1 August 1425. His poor handling of Bloody Sunday and Russia’s role in World War I led to his abdication and execution. During Frederick's childhood, his mother brought him many of the treasures of the Enlightenment. In the German town war of 1388 he assisted Frederick V of Hohenzollern, burgrave of Nuremberg, and in 1391 did the same for the Teutonic Order against Wladislaus II of Poland. https://www.biography.com/political-figure/frederick-ii. After the death of his brother William, Frederick became the ruler over the entire possession of The House of Wettin except Thuringia. The danger to Germany from the Hussites induced Frederick to ally himself with Emperor Sigismund; and he took a leading part in the war against them, during the earlier years of which he met with considerable success. Frederick II, king of Prussia (1740–86), a brilliant military campaigner who, in a series of diplomatic stratagems and wars, greatly enlarged Prussia’s territories and made Prussia the foremost military power in Europe. Finally, in 1730, at age 18, Frederick attempted to escape with childhood friend Hans Herman von Katte. Alexander the Great served as king of Macedonia from 336 to 323 B.C. Frederick II, known as Frederick the Great, was Prussia's king from 1740 to 1786. Frederick I married Catherine of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1442), daughter of Henry the Mild, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg on 7 February 1402 and had 7 children:[1], Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Rupert III, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, Henry the Mild, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Berthold V, Count of Henneberg-Schleusingen, Berthold VII, Count of Henneberg-Schleusingen, Otto V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel, Herman, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel, Albert I, King of Germany, Duke of Austria, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frederick_I,_Elector_of_Saxony&oldid=1001300873, Articles lacking in-text citations from April 2017, Articles needing additional references from April 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 19 January 2021, at 02:45. He died in 1786. 5 … In 1760, Austro-Russian forces occupied Berlin, and Frederick, reduced to despair, considered suicide. Thus spurred to renewed efforts against the Hussites, the elector was endeavouring to rouse the German princes to aid him in prosecuting this war when the Saxon army was almost annihilated at Aussig on the 16 August 1426. Victoria Woodhull (1838– June 9, 1927) was a leader of the women's suffrage movement. He was the eldest son of Frederick III, Landgrave of Thuringia, and Catherine of Henneberg. They typically instituted administrative reform, religious toleration, and … The couple enjoyed a political marriage and not much else. Her feast day is Nov. 25, and she is the patron of a great many professions and causes. wonior wonior.com. He is not to be confused with his cousin Landgrave Frederick IV of Thuringia, the son of Landgrave Balthasar. The Seven Years' War threatened to destroy Prussia's status, but ended with Silesia still in Frederick's control. Catherine’s great rival throughout her reign, Frederick the Great, ruler of Prussia, said about her: “A woman is always a woman and, in feminine … In a series of battles to the death, Frederick lost territory, then gained it, then lost it again. Frederick quickly separated from her and, for the rest of his life, showed no interest in women. After a tepid reconciliation, Frederick's father arranged for him a marriage to Elizabeth Christine of Brunswick-Bevern, in 1733. We strive for accuracy and fairness. Thus ascended Frederick IV, who called himself Frederick I now as duke and elector. Fortunately, his loathsome father left Frederick with a strong army and ample funds. He became the head of an empire that was expanded by his son and successor, Alexander the Great. The cathedral is now accessible to the public for a small fee and the tomb is readily seen. After the death of his uncle William I, Margrave of Meissen in 1407, he was made governor of the Margraviate of Meissen together with his brother William II as well as with his cousin Frederick IV (son of Balthasar), until their possessions were divided in 1410 and 1415. When he came of age, Frederick was forced into the army and set on a course of military science and governance. Although Frederick did not gain territory, the ensuing treaty allowed him to retain Silesia and made him popular throughout the many German-speaking territories. 12, No. Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II tried to strengthen the Habsburg empire with his enlightened reforms, but the changes he made were met with fierce opposition. He was the eldest son of Frederick III, Landgrave of Thuringia, and Catherine of Henneberg.After the death of his uncle William I, Margrave of Meissen in 1407, he was made governor of the Margraviate of Meissen together with his brother William II as well as with his cousin Frederick IV (son of Balthasar), until their possessions were divided in 1410 and 1415. St. Catherine Labouré was born in France on May 2, 1806 as the ninth of 11 children to Pierre and Madeleine Labouré. Frederick William was authoritarian and quick-tempered; Sophia was well-educated and loved the richness of life. In 1741, Prussia consisted of scattered territories across central Europe and few significant allies save for Great Britain. He was the third son of Peter III of Aragon and served in the War of the Sicilian Vespers on behalf of his father and brothers, Alfonso ΙΙΙ and James ΙΙ.He was confirmed as king by the Peace of Caltabellotta in 1302. Of all things, Frederick the Great, as he became to be known, left a legacy of devotion to Germany that set the example for leaders into the 20th century. However, his father chafed at such notions and pushed to have his son educated in the practical matters of running and defending a state. Frederick II inherited the Prussian throne in 1740 and established control of Silesia in 1745. In 1756, Austria, backed by France and Russia, tried to regain control of Silesia. 100 years of taking care of Michigan's great outdoors: from reintroducing elk, moose and turkey to protecting wild places like the Pigeon River Country State Forest, to bringing salmon to the Great Lakes, we are proud to celebrate and share our story. 1-222. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) Autophagy: Vol. Frederick was born into the House of Hohenzollern on January 24, 1712, to Frederick William I of Prussia and Princess Sophia-Dorothea — the sister of George II of Great Britain. Chair of the Department of Urban Planning and Design, Director of the Master of Architecture in Urban Design Degree Program and Co-Director of the Master of Landscape Architecture in Urban Design Degree Program& John T. Dunlop Professor in Housing and Urbanization She was the first woman to own a brokerage firm on Wall Street, the first woman to start a weekly newspaper, and an activist for women's rights and labor reform. Catherine II, or Catherine the Great, served as empress of Russia for more than three decades in the late 18th century after overthrowing her husband, Peter III. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. He spent his early years with tutors, learning poetry, French culture, and the Greek and Roman classics. Rahul Mehrotra . He bolstered the legal system and established the first German code of law. For his victory at the Battle of Brüx in 1421, Frederick was granted the ranks of Duke and Elector. By winning wars and expanding territories, he established Prussia as a strong military power. In 1409, Frederick and his brother William founded the University of Leipzig, for the benefit of German students who had left the University of Prague after the events relating to the Western Schism. Biography. Charles II was the monarch of England, Scotland and Ireland during much of the latter half of the 17th century, marking the Restoration era. During his time of leadership, he united Greece, reestablished the Corinthian League and conquered the Persian Empire. As emperor of Ethiopia at the turn of the 20th century, Menelik II maintained his country's independence in the face of foreign threats and expanded Ethiopia's territory. Frederick William abused his son, often beating and humiliating him for trifling reasons. Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great, was an empress of Russia who ruled from 1762-1796, the longest reign of any female Russian leader. Frederick II (or III) (13 December 1272 – 25 June 1337) was the regent of the Kingdom of Sicily from 1291 until 1295 and subsequently king of Sicily from 1295 until his death. Frederick Mayor Michael O'Connor said he visited about four businesses on Monday where workers and clients in those businesses helped the victims minutes after … (2016). 1, pp. However, the death of Empress Elizabeth of Russia placed advocate Peter III on the throne and Russia withdrew from the war. He was buried as the first Wettin in the centre of what is now known as the Princes Chapel in Meissen Cathedral. Catherine is still a very popular Catholic name. Sensing weakness in the Austrian Empire, Frederick deceived Habsburg Queen Maria Theresa to allow his armies to occupy Lower Silesia in exchange for protection from France, Spain and Bavaria. Philip II reigned over Macedonia from 359 to 336 B.C. During his time on the throne, Frederick increased Prussia's territories and military power. He then proceeded to invade key areas, forcing Maria Theresa to cede almost all of Silesia by 1745. Learn about the long and treacherous treks they endured aboard the Underground Railroad. 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