The mission was to serve the Native American village of Adaes just 20 miles (32 km) west of the French fort at Natchitoches, Louisiana. The Presidio La Bahia is the oldest standing fort west of the Mississippi. Goliad State Park and Historic Site By 1788 the mission was growing a variety of crops and had over 15,000 head of cattle. Courtesy of Texas State Archives. The mission priests armed the native peoples living at Mission Espíritu Santo to defend against raiding Lipan Apache and Comanche groups. The French, led by Robert le Cavelier, sieur de La Salle, established the small Fort Saint Louis settlement on the coast of Matagorda Bay in 1685, abandoning it after the local Karankawas attacked and destroyed it around 1689. Mission Espiritu Santo Interior, Goliad, Texas by Kathy Weiser-Alexander. By 1788 the mission was growing a variety of crops and had over 15,000 head of cattle. Discover our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary Program Frequently Asked Questions, Download the official NPS app before your next visit. But in 1723, a skirmish occurred between the Spanish and Karankawa, after which the Karankawa moved away from the mission and became hostile. The smallest group of original Los Angeles native people are the Goliad, Texas The pueblo buildings were arranged around a number of small plazas. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Mission Espiritu Santo is located in Goliad State Historical Park south of Goliad on U.S. Hwy. She has met descendants from families taken San Fernando Mission. For more information visit the Goliad State Park and Historic Site website or call 361-645-3405. These people became adept horse riders and ranchers. In 1749 Mission Espíritu Santo and Presidio Nuestra Señora de Loreto de Bahía were moved to what is now Goliad, Texas, one on each bank of the San Antonio River. During the American Revolution, mission vaqueros herded thousands of heads of cattle to Louisiana in support of the American struggle for independence. Jose Sanchez. The mission itself became part of the City of Goliad and the old mission’s stones were allowed to be removed and used for local construction. The church in Los Angeles (the official name was Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de Los Ángeles) was founded in1784 as an asistencia (or sub-mission) to Mission San Gabriel. Spanish Colonial Missions of the Southwest Travel Itinerary. Moved from their original location once already, they were finally brought to their current location in 1749 by Escandon. Raiding, desertion, and disease contributed to the native population’s decline at the mission in the late 18th century. Today Goliad State Historic Park includes the reconstructed Spanish Colonial Era Mission of Nuestra Señora del Espíritu Santo de Zuñiga and the ruins of the 1750's Mission Rosario State Historic Site which can be visited by appointment. Although retaining its common name, La Bahía, the mission moved inland, away from the bay, in 1726 to a site near present-day Mission Valley on the Guadalupe River. Mission Espiritu Santo in Goliad, Texas by Kathy Weiser-Alexander, 2017. The initial settlement buildings were jacals constructed of wattle-and-daub. The Spanish built an outpost on top of the ill-fated French settlement in 1718. By the 1830s most of the Christianized Indians had left and the mission which was facing opposition from raiding Apache and Comanche. The Southeast represents a zone bounded by present-day Texas, Missouri, Georgia, and Florida.1 This swath is expansive, and covers multiple environmental geographies: from the tropical tip of the Florida Keys to the Ozark Highlands. The city leased the site between 1848 and 1856, first for a Baptist school and then a Presbyterian school, but the building gradually fell into ruin. For more information, visit La Bahía’s website or call 361-645-3752. Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons. The Presidio Nuestra Señora de Loreto de la Bahía Chapel has been documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey and is also featured in the National Park Service’s South and West Texas Travel Itinerary. As a result, the mission was moved in 1726 near what is today Victoria, Texas, where the Tamique and Aranama peoples lived. The legendary mountain man Jedediah Smith, who was the first American to reach Alta California by land in 1826 initially arrived at Rancho de la Puente, an outpost of Mission San Gabriel, and was escorted to the mission where he met with Fr. A century and a half later, the French, led by Robert le Cavelier, sieur de La Salle, established the small Fort Saint Louis settlement on the coast of Matagorda Bay in 1685. There was originally a small chapel on the spot. The park also contains General Ignacio Zaragoza’s Birthplace, Plaza and Amphitheater, which are located near Presidio La Bahia. Spanish forts and missions had different agendas and rules. They lived in villages with hatched huts. Nearby, is the Presidio Nuestra Señora de Loreto de Bahía, which is a National Historic Landmark and featured in the National Park Service American Latino Heritage Travel Itinerary and the National Park Service South and West Texas Travel Itinerary. The town was established in 1749 when colonizer José de Escandón recommended moving a mission and its presidio (basically a fort) from the Guadalupe River to a site named Santa Dorotea, on the San Antonio River. The Franciscan priests also tried to gather the local Coco, Copane, and Cujane Indians. In 1721 the first Nuestra Señora de Loreto de la Bahía Presidio was built atop the burned remains of La Salle's settlement; the first Mission Nuestra Senora del Espíritu Santo de Zuniga was built across Garcitas Creek, a short distance away. The following tribes at one time are recorded in history as having resided within the present state of Louisiana. A ranching outpost was also built of mortar and stone at Tonkawa Bank, on the river about 12 miles below the mission. In addition to saving souls, the missions were a way to create a supply of native labor and deter the French in Louisiana from gaining a foothold in the region. The two settlements helped protect El Camino la Bahia, a major trade route to the north and east. The relationship between the people, river, and land – good read about the LA River; start page 26 about the native tribes. It lasted for 26 years, developing into a large cattle ranch and farm. Although Spain claimed California as its territory in 1542, Spaniards didn’t try to occupy the land until the late 1700s.Around the time of the first missions, Spain had a considerable presence in Mexico. Its original purpose was to guard the interests of the Spanish Crown against Native American and French attackers. However, two Franciscans refused to leave and remained as parish priests. Far less prosperous by then, the Mission Espíritu Santo was fully secularized by 1830. In 1830, the mission was secularized after native people’s abandonment of the site(U of A. Nuestra Señora De La Bahía Del Espíritu Santo De Zúñiga | Mission Initiative). The park offers a floating dock and river access for kayaks and canoes and is a take-out point for the Goliad Paddling Trail. Mission Layout: A courtyard-centered quadrangle with out-buildings. Over the next couple decades the site and its outlying buildings were used for a variety of purposes. As a result, the mission was moved in 1726 near present-day Victoria, Texas, where the Tamique and Aranama peoples lived. 6, Goliad, TX. From 1935 to 1941 Civilian Conservation Corps crews rebuilt much of the mission, including the chapel and the granary to look approximately as they had in the colonial period. In 1769, the Spanish king ordered land and sea expeditions to depart from Mexico to California. Additional Native Americans were recruited from many tribes such as the Chalon, Yokuts, and Salinan. In 1749 Mission Espíritu Santo and Presidio Nuestra Señora de Loreto de Bahía were moved to what is now Goliad, Texas, one on each bank of the San Antonio River. 183. The first mission that was established for the Chumash-speaking people was called the Mission San Luis Obispo. Bexar Archives, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, the University of Texas at Austin. 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